Search results for "Adrenal Cortex"
showing 10 items of 169 documents
Eosinophilic Meningitis due toAngiostrongylus cantonensisin Germany
2009
We report a case of eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis in a patient who returned from Thailand. The presence of a compatible epidemiologic history and eosinophilia in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lead to the diagnosis, which was confirmed by detection of specific antibodies. After treatment with albendazole and corticosteroids he recovered completely.
Adult-onset Still's disease: an Italian multicentre retrospective observational study of manifestations and treatments in 245 patients
2016
Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a systemic inflammatory condition of unknown aetiology characterized by typical episodes of spiking fever, evanescent rash, arthralgia, leukocytosis and hyperferritinemia. Given the lack of data in Italian series, we promote a multicentric data collection to characterize the clinical phenotype of Italian patients with AOSD. Data from 245 subjects diagnosed with AOSD were collected by 15 centres between March and May 2013. The diagnosis was made following Yamaguchi’s criteria. Data regarding clinical manifestations, laboratory features, disease course and treatments were reported and compared with those presented in other published series of different et…
Novel inulin-based mucoadhesive micelles loaded with corticosteroids as potential transcorneal permeation enhancers
2017
In this work a new copolymer of inulin (INU) derivatized with ethylendiamine (EDA) and retinoic acid (RA), named INU-EDA-RA, was synthetized, characterized and employed to produce micelles as carriers for topical administration of corticosteroids for the potential treatment of diseases of posterior eye segment. Spectroscopic analysis confirmed a molar derivatization degree of 11.30 and 4.30% in EDA and RA, respectively. INU-EDA-RA micelles are capable of strong mucoadhesive interactions which result time-independent and stable over time but concentration depending. Moreover micelles are able to encapsulate efficiently from 3 to 13% (w/w) of lipophilic drugs, as dexamethasone, triamcinolone …
Medical management of Crohn's disease
2011
The medical approach to Crohn's disease has been modified in recent years thanks to the introduction of new therapies, like biologics. Also, well-designed studies and systematic reviews have allowed better evaluation of the role of old drugs like steroids and immunosuppressors. This review aims to evaluate the recent evidence on the medical approach to Crohn's disease in the different settings of the disease.Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses were included in the review. The research on all the studies discussed was based on the Cochrane Library, Medline and Embase, using the following medical subject headings: Crohn's disease, clinical trial, therapy, 5-aminosalicylic acid, ste…
Cervical necrotizing fasciitis and descending necrotizing mediastinitis in a patient affected by neglected peritonsillar abscess: a case of medical n…
2007
Abstract We report a case of fatal cervical necrotizing fasciitis (CNF) and descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) due to primary peritonsillar abscess in 60-year-old male patient with no history or evidence of immunocompromising disorders. The patient was treated with antibiotic and corticosteroid drugs but he developed mediastinitis and septic shock and died of multiple organ failure six days later from recovery in hospital. After a clinical, diagnostic and therapeutical consideration of the cervical necrotizing fasciitis and some related risks of a delayed diagnosis and treatment, the authors analysed the clinical history of the patient and of the medical conduct pointing out profess…
Pharmacological Management of Elderly Patients with Asthma–Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome: Room for Speculation?
2016
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two distinct diseases that share a condition of chronic inflammation of the airways and bronchial obstruction. In clinical settings, it is not rare to come across patients who present with clinical and functional features of both diseases, posing a diagnostic dilemma. The overlap condition has been termed asthma–COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), and mainly occurs in individuals with long-standing asthma, especially if they are also current or former smokers. Patients with ACOS have poorer health-related quality of life and a higher exacerbation rate than subjects with asthma or COPD alone. Whether ACOS is a distinct nosological entity …
Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition improves corticosteroid insensitivity in pulmonary endothelial cells under oxidative stress.
2012
Several clinical studies have shown that smoking in asthmatics and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients is closely associated with corticosteroid refractoriness. In this work, we have analyzed glucocorticoid insensitivity in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) under cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure as well as the possible additive effects of the combination therapy with a phosphodiesterase (PDE)-4 inhibitor. Interleukin (IL)-8 was measured in cell supernatants by ELISA. Histone deacetylase (HDAC), histone acetylase (HAT), and intracellular cAMP levels were measured by colorimetric assays and enzyme immunoassay, respectively. PDE4 isotypes and glucocorticoid rec…
Predicting Lung Deposition of Extrafine Inhaled Corticosteroid-Containing Fixed Combinations in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease U…
2021
Background: Functional respiratory imaging (FRI) is a computational fluid dynamics-based technique using three-dimensional models of human lungs and formulation profiles to simulate aerosol deposition. Methods: FRI was used to evaluate lung deposition of extrafine beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP)/formoterol fumarate (FF)/glycopyrronium bromide (GB) and extrafine BDP/FF delivered through pressurized metered dose inhalers and to compare results with reference gamma scintigraphy data. FRI combined high-resolution computed tomography scans of 20 patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second 42% predicted) with in silico comput…
Endocrinology: Substrate dependency of C19 conjugates in hirsute hyperandrogenic women and the influence of adrenal androgen
1995
Serum C19 conjugates, specifically 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide (3 alpha G), reflect peripheral androgen action through the action of 5 alpha-reductase activity. The origin of 5 alpha-reduced C19 conjugates has been controversial and it has been suggested that they are derived primarily from adrenal androgens. We examined concentrations of 3 alpha G, 3 alpha-androstanediol sulphate (3 alpha S), androsterone glucuronide (AoG) and androsterone sulphate (AoS) in 40 hirsute hyperandrogenic women. These patients were divided into four groups based upon individual, combined or normal concentrations of the adrenal androgens dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS) and 11 beta-hydroxy-androstenedione. …
Bone status assessed by quantitative ultrasound in children with inflammatory bowel disease: a comparison with DXA
2016
Background: To determine the bone status in children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurement at hand phalanges and compare the obtained results with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods: Fifty-one children with IBD underwent DXA and QUS measurements at hand phalanges in the year 2013. The control group for the QUS consisted of 460 children. Reference data for DXA comes from Hologic Explorer. Results: QUS measurements did not differ significantly between IBD patients and healthy controls. There was no difference between UC and CD subjects. DXA measurements in patients with IBD were lower than in the healthy population. Tanner stage an…